Bye 2022. Hello 2023.

This year was intense. Perhaps the most intense one in quite a while.

I’ve been gradually developing the habit of reflecting as months and years pass by. In my 20s, I used to think that celebrating birthdays or New Year is pointless. After all, what’s so special about Earth completing one revolution around its star?

Now in my 30s, I know that actually years are all we got. As I see my parents aging and grandparents not being around anymore, the relentless march of time is quite noticeable. I now fully understand that it’ll all be over and even though I can’t lock time in a bottle, I can at least bow and acknowledge as it departs. ...  Read the entire post →

You’re probably not a good leader (because being that is hard)

Most entrepreneurs believe that they’re good leaders because their team does what they ask them to do.

But that’s not leadership – that’s simply people working because you’re paying them money to work. There’s a big difference between compliance and commitment. Entrepreneurs often get compliance with their decisions, but they end up thinking they’re getting commitment.

Leadership is difficult because human nature is complex. Humans are capable of simultaneously admiring and despising people who have a higher status, more money or better prospects than them. This makes the job of a leader tricky because she has to focus on the quality of work and get the job done, despite who did it (an admirer or a hater). The leader has to somehow navigate people’s widely different emotions, desires, and personalities and make them work together to deliver an organization’s goals.  ...  Read the entire post →

How to change habits

What’s the most effective way to change habits?

I’ve been diving deep into this topic lately, and here’s what I’ve learned. Relied mainly on two sources:

Why habits are important?

Habits allow for certain actions to happen by default whenever a certain context/cue is encountered. You wake up and you brush your teeth. It’s not something you do with any cognitive load. It just happens.

This automaticity of habits makes them powerful because you can pretty much rely on you executing the actions you’re habitual to. For example, research has found out that healthy eaters don’t inhibit themselves in front of unhealthy snacks. Instead, they simply eat better and exercise without conscious thought. That’s the power of habits. ...  Read the entire post →

People don’t leave companies, they leave their bosses

It’s a common way of saying that so and so has left a particular company to join another company. Actually, a company is an abstraction for the group of people who comprise it. So, often, what people exit from is not the company but their interactions with their team in the company.

Most people would stick around as long as they’re treated with respect, paid fairly, instructed clearly and given work that usually falls within their abilities but sometimes challenges it, giving them opportunities to grow. Good bosses ensure that they create such conditions for people. ...  Read the entire post →

What kills startups is the lack of feedback

A startup is like a hypothesis inside an entrepreneur’s head and the entire point of the startup journey is to know whether it’s true or false (besides being able to make money).

Feedback – both positive or negative – forces you to iterate towards a better product

Entrepreneurs thrive on feedback from users. Every bit of feedback – even if it is negative – gives them an orientation. In fact, negative feedback is a clear indicator that the entrepreneur has identified the right problem, but perhaps the specific solution that she came up with is lacking.

As an entrepreneur, you should embrace negative feedback because it shows that customers are at least paying attention. What you should fear is silence. If no feedback is coming your way, prospects are not replying to emails, or users are dropping off from the product without telling you why then there’s simply no way for you to iterate. ...  Read the entire post →

Profit overpowers ethics, if left unchecked

We have seen our beloved companies transform into greedy and heartless entities over a period of time. Why does it happen?

Just like individuals, companies are idealist when they’re younger and pragmatic when older

It’s usually not because founders have had a change of heart and they start loving money more than anything else. What typically happens is that incentives in an organization gradually start exclusively prioritizing profits.

This process typically begins when a company raises investment from professional financers like banks or VCs. The number one job of investment professionals is to get a return on their investment. It’s not that investment professionals don’t care about anything else, but if their job exists to make more money from money, that’s what they’ll do. With professional investors onboard, whatever a company does then is seen from the lens of the return that investors can get.  ...  Read the entire post →

Investors will prioritize financial returns over your ambitions

Investors like talking about what makes a good business. You’ll find angels and VCs on Twitter constantly talking about what makes a good team, how to get product-market fit, and many other such aspects of startups.

Conflict happens when an entrepreneur’s motivation misaligns with investors’ motivation

Given the amount of preaching that the investor community does, it is understandable then that many first-time entrepreneurs end up believing that the VC community invests in companies in order to make them better.

There’s some truth to it as investors are incentivized to see their companies improve. But investors invest in a company to get a good financial return in the company. This is a trivial observation but it can be easily overshadowed by the apparent we-exist-to-help-entrepreneurs gyan that is ever pervasive in the VC land. Perhaps the world would be a better place if most VCs openly talk about their own incentives rather than talking about what businesses should be doing. ...  Read the entire post →

Business quality is determined by one metric: return on invested capital

The financial purpose of a business is to generate over its lifetime a higher return for its shareholders than what they would have gotten by investing in risk-free options (such as government bonds).

ROIC: one metric to rule them all

Imagine there is an entrepreneur with a business proposal and she requires $100 as the initial investment. She reaches out to you and pitches her idea to seek your investment. To make a decision, you’ll probably analyze and estimate how much return you’d get in return for the money you give to her. If you usually get 6% interest annually in a savings bank account (which happens in India), you would expect a higher return than that from the entrepreneur (especially since there’s a risk of losing your entire $100 while your money in the bank is virtually risk-free).  ...  Read the entire post →

Your business is worth all future profits it is expected to generate

It’s easy to get bewildered by the billion-dollar valuations of startups that are operating under heavy losses. If you’ve ever wondered why would anyone pay for a company that’s not making any money, you’re not alone.

It pays to study how financial assets are valued

Early in a company’s life when there is much uncertainty about its future, the valuation process is more of an art than a science. However, it’s not a blind science. No venture capitalist will just hand over money to you because they like you.

Valuation, even when it’s an art, is grounded on a very simple financial principle that an asset is worth discounted profits it is expected to produce over its lifetime. The term discounted means that the cash in the near term is more valuable than the cash in the long term. It’s easy to can find the exact formula for calculating the discounted cashflow.  ...  Read the entire post →

Recruit exceptional people by showing them a promised land

A recruitment strategy should be indistinguishable from a marketing strategy. Entrepreneurs end up spending a lot of time understanding the market, talking to customers, building personas, and customizing their marketing messages to customer segments. However, they often fail to realize that recruiting people to work for you is no different from recruiting customers to use your product.

To recruit exceptional people, you have to first understand what drives them

It’s true that the key difference is that you’re asking for money from customers while you’re offering to pay money to prospective employees. However, for exceptional people, the money offered is a commodity because many other companies are offering them the same or higher money. Exceptional people never look for jobs; jobs look for them. ...  Read the entire post →